Metabolic control is important for the physiological challenges during life. The hormone insulin, produced by pancreatic beta-cells, plays a key role in metabolic control through all stages of life. Fetal insulin is known to regulate growth and development. During life, insulin is an important regulator of adiposity and as such contributes to the development of obesity. Insufficient insulin secretion, however, leads to diabetes mellitus - the most common metabolic disease worldwide.

This is why we study the development and function of pancreatic beta-cells. What determines the number of beta-cells? How is insulin secretion regulated? What causes beta-cell dysfunction? Answers to these questions help us to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes and to ultimately improve the foundations of metabolic health.

Our main fields of research interest concern topics in:

  • gestational diabetes mellitus
  • the development of the endocrine pancreas
  • factors influencing beta-cell dysfunction
  • the role of insulin in the development of obesity
  • loss of functional beta-cells in diabetes
Relevance

Unraveling the causes of diabetes

Effects of gestational diabetes for mother and child

Our team focuses on the impact of gestational diabetes on fetal growth and development. Our clinical studies dive into the relationship between maternal insulin sensitivity and fetal development. Our preclinical studies aid in the development of nutritional and/or pharmaceutical solutions to reduce the adverse effects of maternal obesity and GDM on both mother and child. By creating animal models for diseases such as gestational diabetes (GDM), we are acquiring new knowledge of the underlying foundation of GDM and the impact on offspring.

Pathogenesis of diabetes

Progressive loss of beta-cells is the key characteristic of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Immune-mediated beta-cell destruction drives the disease, however, early pathogenesis of T1D is still poorly understood. This hampers successful therapies to prevent or reverse T1D. Although human studies indicated that genetic predisposition is required, the factors triggering loss of immune regulation are unknown. We hypothesise that defects in pancreatic beta-cells may play a causal or enabling role in the development of T1D. In preclinical studies, we study the role of intrinsic beta-cell fragility in initiating T1D.

Contact

Janine Kruit
Janine Kruit Assistant Professor

UMCG
Department of Pediatrics (HPC CA84)
Hanzeplein 1
Postbus 30 001
9700 RB Groningen
The Netherlands

Visiting address
UMCG
Hanzeplein 1
Room Y2.147
9700 RB Groningen
The Netherlands