Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although traditionally regarded as separate conditions, growing evidence shows that they share many risk factors and biological mechanisms. Furthermore, modern cancer therapies can damage the heart, while heart failure itself may promote cancer development. These interactions form the foundation of the rapidly evolving field of cardio-oncology.
This thesis of Freek van den Berg investigates how biomarkers—measurable substances in the blood—and established cardiovascular risk scores can improve the prediction of both cardiovascular disease and cancer. The studies demonstrate that traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the Framingham Risk Score, and the biomarker galectin-3 are associated with the future development of both heart failure and cancer. In addition, the thesis identifies shared biological pathways linking heart failure and cancer, providing further insight into the close relationship between these diseases.
The second part of the thesis focuses on patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors, a form of cancer immunotherapy. It evaluates the use of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin measurements for the early detection of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis, a rare but potentially life-threatening complication.
Together, the findings contribute to a better understanding of the intersection between cardiology and oncology and support earlier risk stratification, improved monitoring, and more personalized care for patients at risk of cardiovascular complications and cancer.
